Another hack, I've looked at recently is Vicuna Finance from March this year. They lost $700K through LP token oracle manipulation on the Sonic chain. The attack exploited a fundamental pricing flaw that could have been prevented with a simple assertion. LP tokens were priced using a basic sum formula (price_token1 * amount_token1 + price_token0 * amount_token0) instead of fair pricing that accounts for the pool's constant product formula. Attack sequence: - Large swap from token0 to token1 artificially inflated LP token oracle price - Deposit overvalued LP tokens as collateral - Borrow maximum assets against inflated collateral value - Reverse swap deflated LP price, leaving the protocol with bad debt Price manipulation is a pattern we see over and over again, and it's a pattern that assertions protect well against. In this example, we're experimenting with a new cheatcode that will allow for inspection of calls in the callstack, which is ideal for detecting intra tx price manipulations. We check that a "swap" call cannot result in the price deviating more than 5% from the baseline at any time during tx execution. It's a simple, but powerful way to protect against, for example, flash loan attacks.